LEXLAW Solicitors & Barristers
When a company defaults, directors who have signed personal guarantees may face direct personal enforcement. This guide explains how personal guarantees operate under UK law, when liability arises, how creditors pursue guarantors, and what legal options may be available to protect personal assets.
Sections 235 and 236 of the Insolvency Act 1986 impose powerful duties on company directors, officers, employees, and even third parties to co-operate with insolvency office-holders such as liquidators and administrators. Failure to assist properly during liquidation, administration, or bankruptcy can result in personal sanctions, court orders, fines, and even director disqualification.
We are the leading firm representing Directors and Companies facing HMRC Security Notices and we regularly succeed on behalf of clients. Here, our counsel successfully fought HMRC Security Notices that sought to impose over £215,000 in personal liability for VAT and PAYE debts. The case is a landmark victory against HMRC Notices of Requirement to give Security.
The Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 gives UK authorities wide powers to freeze and recover assets without a criminal conviction. This guide explains how POCA affects directors and businesses, common enforcement tools, legal defences, and steps to protect corporate and personal assets.
Personal Liability Notices (PLNs) are a powerful HMRC enforcement mechanism that can make company directors and officers personally liable for unpaid corporate tax debts, including PAYE, National Insurance Contributions, VAT, and CIS. In 2026, PLNs are increasingly used in insolvency and enforcement scenarios, placing directors’ personal assets and professional futures at direct risk.
A winding up petition can paralyse a business overnight. Bank accounts are frozen, payments become unlawful, and directors face personal exposure. A UK Validation Order is often the only legal remedy that allows a company to keep trading lawfully. This comprehensive 2026 guide explains how validation orders work, when they are granted, and why early instruction of specialist insolvency lawyers is critical.
An Account Freezing Order is one of the most disruptive financial enforcement tools available to UK authorities, allowing HMRC, the police and the National Crime Agency to freeze money held in a UK bank or building society account at a very early stage of an investigation. In many cases, the account holder has not been charged with any criminal offence, and may not even be aware that they are under investigation until the account is suddenly inaccessible.
A HMRC Time to Pay (TTP) arrangement lets businesses spread unpaid tax over manageable monthly instalments. In 2026, with HMRC enforcement increasing, well-prepared TTP proposals backed by financial evidence help avoid winding-up petitions, protect directors, and keep businesses trading.
A letter of credit is a powerful trade finance instrument that protects both buyers and sellers by reducing payment risk in domestic and international transactions. When structured correctly, it provides certainty of payment, improves cash flow, and limits exposure to counterparty default.
The Court of Appeal in London International Exhibition Centre plc v Allianz & Ors [2024] EWCA Civ 1026 upheld the High Court’s ruling that policyholders can recover COVID-19 business interruption losses under “at the premises” disease wordings, holding that each case of COVID-19 at the insured premises formed part of the concurrent cause of national closure orders.